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Table 3 Summary of findings from analysis 2 evaluating combinations of implementation features used by effective adherence interventions

From: Using qualitative comparative analysis in a systematic review of a complex intervention

Combinations of implementation features (agent, exposure, mode, time span, target)

Consistencyb (%)

Coverage

Number of cases (rawc (%)/uniqued (%))

Combination 1

Agent: uses staff other than licensed health care professionals

AND

Target: patients plus provider and/or systems

100

6 cases

(18/12)

Combination 2

Agent: uses staff other than licensed health care professionals

AND

Exposure: less than 120 minutes

AND

Mode: no face to face component

AND

Time span: more than 12 weeks

88

8 cases

(21/15)

Combination 3

Agent: licensed health care professionals

AND

Exposure: more than 120 minutes

AND

Mode: includes a face to face component

AND

Time span: less than 12 weeks

100

4 cases

(12/12)

Combination 4

Agent: licensed health care professionals

AND

Exposure: more than 120 minutes

AND

Time span: more than 12 weeks

AND

Target: patients only

100

4 cases

(12/12)

Solutiona (%)

 

95

56

  1. aThe solution is the conjunction of all combinations identified. Solution consistency refers to proportion of studies covered by sufficient combinations of behavioral change techniques demonstrated improved adherence. Solution coverage refers to the number of studies that include at least one of the identified combinations of implementation features. The solution coverage for intermediate solution was 56 %, which means 19 of the 34 studies were represented by one or more of the identified combinations, leaving 15 effective studies unexplained. Alternative models using different calibration thresholds for exposure were also conducted. Higher exposure threshold (>240 versus <240 min) resulted in slightly lower solution coverage (53 %) and consistency (90 %). Lower exposure threshold (>60 versus <60 min) resulted in higher solution coverage (68 %) and consistency (100 %)
  2. bConsistency refers to proportion of studies covered by each combination of implementation features that demonstrated improved adherence
  3. cRaw coverage is the number of studies with the configuration of conditions (N varies by configuration) divided by the number of studies demonstrating improved medication adherence (N = 34). Studies may be covered by more than one configuration because of the logical minimization that occurs to generate more parsimonious combinations of conditions and condition complements. Raw coverage can vary between 0 and 100 %, with higher coverage representing more empirical relevance
  4. dUnique coverage is the number of studies that are only covered by the configuration (N varies by configuration) divided by the number of studies demonstrating improved adherence (N = 34)
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Systematic Reviews

ISSN: 2046-4053