Skip to main content

Table 3 Study populations by categories

From: Hard-to-reach populations of men who have sex with men and sex workers: a systematic review on sampling methods

Populations

Non-probabilistic N (%)

Semi-probabilistic N (%)

Probabilistic N (%)

Mixeda N (%)

Total N (%)

Referencesb

MSM

64 (23.9)

128 (47.8)

6 (2.2)

7 (2.6)

205 (76.5)

[1–5,7,78–80,82–84,120–126,153,155,156,158–160,189–194,222,223,237,255] [11–13,15–18,20,85,87–89,127,128,131–135,162–164,167,168,196–200,224–226,228,243,253,254,256,260,264,267] [22–25,29–31,35–40,90–104,137,138,169–171,175,176,178,201–204,206–209,229,230,244,250,265,266] [42–50,52,53,56–58,60–62,105–107,109,111–113,139,143–147,149,150,179–181,183,184,210–218,245,246,259,261] [64,67–76,115,116,118,119,152,185–188,219–221,236,242,258,263,268]

FSW

24 (9.0)

21 (7.8)

3 (1.1)

0

48 (17.9)

[8–10,14,19,21,26–28,33,34,41,51,54,55,59,63,66,77,117,129,136,140,142,151,157,161,165–167,172–174,177,182,227,231–235,239,241,247–249,251,262]

MSW

2 (0.7)

2 (0.7)

0

0

4 (1.5)

[108,154,205,252]

TSW

1 (0.4)

0

0

0

1 (0.4)

[148]

MSM/TG

3 (1.1)

1 (0.4)

0

0

3 (1.5)

[6,141,238,240]

FSW/MSM

0

1 (0.4)

0

0

1 (0.4)

[32]

MSM/MSW

0

1 (0.4)

0

0

1 (0.4)

[114]

MSM/MSW/TG

0

3 (1.1)

0

0

3 (1.1)

[81,86,110]

MSM/MSW/TSW

0

0

0

1 (0.4)

1 (0.4)

[257]

Total

94 (35.1)

157 (58.6)

9 (3.4)

8 (3.0)

268 (100.0)

 
  1. aPublications that mentioned at least two categories of recruitment methods
  2. bReferences can be found in Additional file 4: Text S3