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Table 6 Psychosocial outcome measures - post-intervention

From: Effects of education to facilitate knowledge about chronic pain for adults: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Outcome measure

Study

Sample size

Statistic used

Heterogeneity

Effect size

Test for overall effect

Notes

  

Intervention

Control

Total

 

I2 (%)

 

[95 % CI]

Z-value

p-value

 

CATASTROPHISING

          

Education versus usual care

          

CSQ – catastrophising

PCP (EA) - catastrophising

Linton 1997; Soares 2002; Ruehlman 2012

219

185

404

SMD random

0

−0.08

[−0.28, 0.12]

0.79

0.43

Figure 8

Comparison of different types of education

       

Pain catastrophising scale (PCS)

Moseley 2004; van Oosterwijck 2013; Gallagher 2013

86

81

167

SMD random

48

−0.81

[−1.27, −0.35]

3.47

0.0005

Figure 10; favours education

SELF-EFFICACY

       

Education versus usual care

       

CSQ - self efficacy

Soares 2002

18

17

35

MD random

n/a

0.47

[−0.83, 1.77]

0.71

0.48

 

KNOWLEDGE OF PAIN

          

Comparison of different types of education

          

Pain biology/neuro-physiology knowledge

Gallagher 2013; van Oosterwijck 2013

55

54

109

MD random

0

3.86

[2.44, 5.28]

5.34

<0.00001

Figure 12; favours education

Knowledge and attitude score

Ferrell 1997

9

9

18

MD random

n/a

34.10

[23.22, 44.98]

6.14

<0.00001

Sample >65 years

GLOBAL HEALTH

          

Comparison of different types of education

          

SF36 - general health perceptions

van Oosterwijck 2013

15

15

30

MD random

n/a

−0.50

[−11.07, 10.07]

0.09

0.93

 

SF36 - overall health rating

Ferrell 1997

10

10

20

MD random

n/a

−16.20

[−31.56, −0.84]

2.07

0.04

Favours control

MOOD

       

Education versus usual care

          

DASS – depression

Ruehlman 2012

162

143

305

MD random

n/a

−0.26

[−1.51, 0.99]

0.41

0.68

 

Comparison of different types of education

       

SF36 - mental health

van Oosterwijck 2013

15

15

30

MD random

n/a

13.40

[−1.24, 28.04]

1.79

0.07

 

SOCIAL FUNCTION

       

Comparison of different types of education

          

SF36 – social function

van Oosterwijck 2013

15

15

30

MD random

n/a

8.90

[−8.16, 25.96]

1.02

0.31

 
  1. SF-36 RAND 36-item health survey, DASS depression, anxiety and stress scale, CSQ coping strategies questionnaire, PCS pain catastrophising scale, CSQ coping strategies questionnaire, PCP (EA) profile of chronic pain (Extended Assessment), 95 % CI 95 % confidence interval; Effect size represented as standardised mean difference (SMD) or mean difference (MD) depending on statistic used; Random = random effects model; heterogeneity is not applicable (n/a) when reported as single study