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Table 1 Summary of included studies

From: The effectiveness of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents in the treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease: a systematic review

 

Study design

Population

Size

Antibiotics

Control

Intervention

Analysis

Key findings

[26]

RCT

Acute salpingitis or PID

40

Co-amoxiclav 1 g three times daily doxycycline 200 mg once daily intravenously for 5 days followed by co-amoxiclav 500 mg three times daily for 15 days and doxycycline 200 mg once daily for 21 days

No NSAID

Piroxicam 20 mg/day from day 3 post-operation for 25 days

Per protocol

Tubal patency: in severe PID, bilateral patency was seen in 1/7 (14.2%) of placebo group versus 7/9 (77.8%) of intervention group (P = 0.02, Fisher’s exact test)

Confirmed by laparoscopy

Residual adhesions: in severe PID, more patients in intervention group had no residual adhesions, 6/9 (66.7%), versus control group, 1/7 (14.3%) (P = 0.06, Fisher’s exact test)

No difference between arms in tubal patency or residual adhesions for mild or moderate PID

[27]

RCT

Mild acute PID

42

Tetracycline 500 mg four times daily for 10 days

Placebo

Fentiazac 200 mg twice daily for 7 days

Intention to treat

Suprapubic pain: resolution of pain occurred by day 7 in 9/21 (43%) of patients in the intervention group versus 5/21 (24%) in the control group (P = 0.2, χ square)

Clinical diagnosis

Reduction in overall signs and symptoms: greater reduction in average score for severity of signs and symptoms in the intervention compared with the placebo group (figures providing the basis of the calculation not provided)

Nausea reported in 4/21 patients receiving fentiazac (1 discontinuation) versus 2/21 in the control group (no discontinuations)

  1. NSAID nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; PID pelvic inflammatory disease; RCT randomized controlled trial.