Table 3 Risk-of-bias assessments for trials: (a) included in meta-analysis and (b) not included in meta-analysis
# | First author | Year | Risk-of-bias domain | Risk of bias | Risk-of-bias rating | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
I | II | IIIa | IIIb | IV | Va | VI | |||||
(a): Included in meta- analysis | |||||||||||
A11 | de Lange de Klerk | 1994 | U | U | U | U | Y | Y | Y | Uncertain | B4 |
A19 | Jacobs | 1994 | Y | Y | Y | Y | U | Y | Y | Uncertainb | B1 |
A25 | Kainz | 1996 | U | U | U | U | U | Y | U | Uncertain | B6 |
A10 | Chapman | 1999 | Y | U | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Uncertain | B1 |
A35 | Straumsheim | 2000 | U | U | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Uncertain | B2 |
A20 | Jacobs | 2001 | Y | Y | Y | Y | U | Y | Y | Uncertainb | B1 |
A41 | Yakir | 2001 | U | U | Y | Y | U | Y | Y | Uncertain | B3 |
A06 | Bonne | 2003 | U | U | Y | Y | Y | Y | U | Uncertain | B3 |
A05 | Bell | 2004 | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | U | Uncertainb | B1 |
A14 | Frass | 2005 | Y | U | Y | U | Y | Y | Y | Uncertain | B2 |
A23 | Jacobs | 2005a | Y | U | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Uncertain | B1 |
A36 | Thompson | 2005 | Y | U | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Uncertain | B1 |
A40 | Whitmarsh | 1997 | U | U | Y | U | Y | U | N | High | C1.4 |
A31 | Rastogi (a) | 1999 | U | U | U | U | N | N | U | High | C2.5 |
A31 | Rastogi (b) | 1999 | U | U | U | U | N | N | U | High | C2.5 |
A09 | Cavalcanti | 2003 | U | U | Y | Y | N | Y | U | High | C1.3 |
A38 | Weatherley-Jones | 2004 | Y | U | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | High | C1.1 |
A22 | Jacobs | 2005b | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | High | C1.0 |
A13 | Fisher | 2006 | Y | U | Y | Y | N | Y | U | High | C1.2 |
A32 | Sajedi | 2008 | U | U | U | U | N | Y | Y | High | C1.4 |
A33 | Siebenwirth | 2009 | U | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | N | High | C2.1 |
A07 | Brien | 2011 | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | High | C1.0 |
(b): Not included in meta-analysis | |||||||||||
A01 | Andrade | 1991 | U | U | U | U | N | N | U | High | C2.5 |
A24 | Jansen | 1992 | U | U | U | U | N | N | N | High | C3.4 |
A18 | Jacobs | 1993 | U | U | Y | Y | U | N | U | High | C1.4 |
A16 | Gaucher | 1994 | N | N | U | U | N | N | U | High | C4.3 |
A37 | Walach | 1997 | U | Y | Y | U | Y | N | N | High | C2.2 |
A21 | Jacobs | 2000 | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | High | C2.0 |
A39 | White | 2003 | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | High | C1.0 |
A26 | Katz | 2005 | Y | U | Y | U | N | N | N | High | C3.2 |
A34 | Steinsbekk | 2005 | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | Y | High | C2.0 |
A30 | Naudé | 2010 | Y | U | Y | Y | U | N | Y | High | C1.2 |